There are two CPUID bits for protection keys. One is for whether
the CPU contains the feature, and the other will appear set once
the OS enables protection keys. Specifically:
Bit 04: OSPKE. If 1, OS has set CR4.PKE to enable
Protection keys (and the RDPKRU/WRPKRU instructions)
This is because userspace can not see CR4 contents, but it can
see CPUID contents.
X86_FEATURE_PKU is referred to as "PKU" in the hardware documentation:
CPUID.(EAX=07H,ECX=0H):ECX.PKU [bit 3]
X86_FEATURE_OSPKE is "OSPKU":
CPUID.(EAX=07H,ECX=0H):ECX.OSPKE [bit 4]
These are the first CPU features which need to look at the
ECX word in CPUID leaf 0x7, so this patch also includes
fetching that word in to the cpuinfo->x86_capability[] array.
Add it to the disabled-features mask when its config option is
off. Even though we are not using it here, we also extend the
REQUIRED_MASK_BIT_SET() macro to keep it mirroring the
DISABLED_MASK_BIT_SET() version.
This means that in almost all code, you should use:
cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_PKU)
and *not* the CONFIG option.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160212210201.7714C250@viggo.jf.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Rename it to mc_tmp_ptrs to denote better what it is - a temporary array
for saving pointers to microcode blobs. And "initrd" is not accurate
anymore since initrd is not the only source for early microcode.
Therefore, rename copy_initrd_ptrs() to copy_ptrs() simply and
"initrd_start" to "offset".
And then do the following convention: the global variable is called
"mc_tmp_ptrs" and the local function arguments "mc_ptrs" for
differentiation.
Tested-by: Thomas Voegtle <tv@lio96.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1454499225-21544-14-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We do parse for the disable microcode loader chicken bit very early.
After the driver merge, the __setup() param parsing method is not needed
anymore so get rid of it.
In addition, fix a compiler warning from an old SLES11 gcc (4.3.4)
reported by Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>:
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c: In function ‘load_ucode_bsp’:
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c:96: warning: array subscript is above array bounds
Tested-by: Thomas Voegtle <tv@lio96.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1454499225-21544-4-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
So the old one didn't work properly before alternatives had run.
And it was supposed to provide an optimized JMP because the
assumption was that the offset it is jumping to is within a
signed byte and thus a two-byte JMP.
So I did an x86_64 allyesconfig build and dumped all possible
sites where static_cpu_has() was used. The optimization amounted
to all in all 12(!) places where static_cpu_has() had generated
a 2-byte JMP. Which has saved us a whopping 36 bytes!
This clearly is not worth the trouble so we can remove it. The
only place where the optimization might count - in __switch_to()
- we will handle differently. But that's not subject of this
patch.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1453842730-28463-6-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When calling intel_alt_er() with .idx != EXTRA_REG_RSP_* we will not
initialize alt_idx and then use this uninitialized value to index an
array.
When that is not fatal, it can result in an infinite loop in its
caller __intel_shared_reg_get_constraints(), with IRQs disabled.
Alternative error modes are random memory corruption due to the
cpuc->shared_regs->regs[] array overrun, which manifest in either
get_constraints or put_constraints doing weird stuff.
Only took 6 hours of painful debugging to find this. Neither GCC nor
Smatch warnings flagged this bug.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Fixes: ae3f011fc2 ("perf/x86/intel: Fix SLM MSR_OFFCORE_RSP1 valid_mask")
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull x86 mm updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- make the debugfs 'kernel_page_tables' file read-only, as it only
has read ops. (Borislav Petkov)
- micro-optimize clflush_cache_range() (Chris Wilson)
- swiotlb enhancements, which fixes certain KVM emulated devices
(Igor Mammedov)
- fix an LDT related debug message (Jan Beulich)
- modularize CONFIG_X86_PTDUMP (Kees Cook)
- tone down an overly alarming warning (Laura Abbott)
- Mark variable __initdata (Rasmus Villemoes)
- PAT additions (Toshi Kani)"
* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/mm: Micro-optimise clflush_cache_range()
x86/mm/pat: Change free_memtype() to support shrinking case
x86/mm/pat: Add untrack_pfn_moved for mremap
x86/mm: Drop WARN from multi-BAR check
x86/LDT: Print the real LDT base address
x86/mm/64: Enable SWIOTLB if system has SRAT memory regions above MAX_DMA32_PFN
x86/mm: Introduce max_possible_pfn
x86/mm/ptdump: Make (debugfs)/kernel_page_tables read-only
x86/mm/mtrr: Mark the 'range_new' static variable in mtrr_calc_range_state() as __initdata
x86/mm: Turn CONFIG_X86_PTDUMP into a module
Pull x86 cpu updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- Improved CPU ID handling code and related enhancements (Borislav
Petkov)
- RDRAND fix (Len Brown)"
* 'x86-cpu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86: Replace RDRAND forced-reseed with simple sanity check
x86/MSR: Chop off lower 32-bit value
x86/cpu: Fix MSR value truncation issue
x86/cpu/amd, kvm: Satisfy guest kernel reads of IC_CFG MSR
kvm: Add accessors for guest CPU's family, model, stepping
x86/cpu: Unify CPU family, model, stepping calculation
Pull RAS updates from Ingo Molnar:
"Various x86 MCE fixes and small enhancements"
* 'ras-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/mce: Make usable address checks Intel-only
x86/mce: Add the missing memory error check on AMD
x86/RAS: Remove mce.usable_addr
x86/mce: Do not enter deferred errors into the generic pool twice
Pull perf updates from Ingo Molnar:
"Kernel side changes:
- Intel Knights Landing support. (Harish Chegondi)
- Intel Broadwell-EP uncore PMU support. (Kan Liang)
- Core code improvements. (Peter Zijlstra.)
- Event filter, LBR and PEBS fixes. (Stephane Eranian)
- Enable cycles:pp on Intel Atom. (Stephane Eranian)
- Add cycles:ppp support for Skylake. (Andi Kleen)
- Various x86 NMI overhead optimizations. (Andi Kleen)
- Intel PT enhancements. (Takao Indoh)
- AMD cache events fix. (Vince Weaver)
Tons of tooling changes:
- Show random perf tool tips in the 'perf report' bottom line
(Namhyung Kim)
- perf report now defaults to --group if the perf.data file has
grouped events, try it with:
# perf record -e '{cycles,instructions}' -a sleep 1
[ perf record: Woken up 1 times to write data ]
[ perf record: Captured and wrote 1.093 MB perf.data (1247 samples) ]
# perf report
# Samples: 1K of event 'anon group { cycles, instructions }'
# Event count (approx.): 1955219195
#
# Overhead Command Shared Object Symbol
2.86% 0.22% swapper [kernel.kallsyms] [k] intel_idle
1.05% 0.33% firefox libxul.so [.] js::SetObjectElement
1.05% 0.00% kworker/0:3 [kernel.kallsyms] [k] gen6_ring_get_seqno
0.88% 0.17% chrome chrome [.] 0x0000000000ee27ab
0.65% 0.86% firefox libxul.so [.] js::ValueToId<(js::AllowGC)1>
0.64% 0.23% JS Helper libxul.so [.] js::SplayTree<js::jit::LiveRange*, js::jit::LiveRange>::splay
0.62% 1.27% firefox libxul.so [.] js::GetIterator
0.61% 1.74% firefox libxul.so [.] js::NativeSetProperty
0.61% 0.31% firefox libxul.so [.] js::SetPropertyByDefining
- Introduce the 'perf stat record/report' workflow:
Generate perf.data files from 'perf stat', to tap into the
scripting capabilities perf has instead of defining a 'perf stat'
specific scripting support to calculate event ratios, etc.
Simple example:
$ perf stat record -e cycles usleep 1
Performance counter stats for 'usleep 1':
1,134,996 cycles
0.000670644 seconds time elapsed
$ perf stat report
Performance counter stats for '/home/acme/bin/perf stat record -e cycles usleep 1':
1,134,996 cycles
0.000670644 seconds time elapsed
$
It generates PERF_RECORD_ userspace records to store the details:
$ perf report -D | grep PERF_RECORD
0xf0 [0x28]: PERF_RECORD_THREAD_MAP nr: 1 thread: 27637
0x118 [0x12]: PERF_RECORD_CPU_MAP nr: 1 cpu: 65535
0x12a [0x40]: PERF_RECORD_STAT_CONFIG
0x16a [0x30]: PERF_RECORD_STAT
-1 -1 0x19a [0x40]: PERF_RECORD_MMAP -1/0: [0xffffffff81000000(0x1f000000) @ 0xffffffff81000000]: x [kernel.kallsyms]_text
0x1da [0x18]: PERF_RECORD_STAT_ROUND
[acme@ssdandy linux]$
An effort was made to make perf.data files generated like this to
not generate cryptic messages when processed by older tools.
The 'perf script' bits need rebasing, will go up later.
- Make command line options always available, even when they depend
on some feature being enabled, warning the user about use of such
options (Wang Nan)
- Support hw breakpoint events (mem:0xAddress) in the default output
mode in 'perf script' (Wang Nan)
- Fixes and improvements for supporting annotating ARM binaries,
support ARM call and jump instructions, more work needed to have
arch specific stuff separated into tools/perf/arch/*/annotate/
(Russell King)
- Add initial 'perf config' command, for now just with a --list
command to the contents of the configuration file in use and a
basic man page describing its format, commands for doing edits and
detailed documentation are being reviewed and proof-read. (Taeung
Song)
- Allows BPF scriptlets specify arguments to be fetched using DWARF
info, using a prologue generated at compile/build time (He Kuang,
Wang Nan)
- Allow attaching BPF scriptlets to module symbols (Wang Nan)
- Allow attaching BPF scriptlets to userspace code using uprobe (Wang
Nan)
- BPF programs now can specify 'perf probe' tunables via its section
name, separating key=val values using semicolons (Wang Nan)
Testing some of these new BPF features:
Use case: get callchains when receiving SSL packets, filter then in the
kernel, at arbitrary place.
# cat ssl.bpf.c
#define SEC(NAME) __attribute__((section(NAME), used))
struct pt_regs;
SEC("func=__inet_lookup_established hnum")
int func(struct pt_regs *ctx, int err, unsigned short port)
{
return err == 0 && port == 443;
}
char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
int _version SEC("version") = LINUX_VERSION_CODE;
#
# perf record -a -g -e ssl.bpf.c
^C[ perf record: Woken up 1 times to write data ]
[ perf record: Captured and wrote 0.787 MB perf.data (3 samples) ]
# perf script | head -30
swapper 0 [000] 58783.268118: perf_bpf_probe:func: (ffffffff816a0f60) hnum=0x1bb
8a0f61 __inet_lookup_established (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
896def ip_rcv_finish (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
8976c2 ip_rcv (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
855eba __netif_receive_skb_core (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
8565d8 __netif_receive_skb (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
8572a8 process_backlog (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
856b11 net_rx_action (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
2a284b __do_softirq (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
2a2ba3 irq_exit (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
96b7a4 do_IRQ (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
969807 ret_from_intr (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
2dede5 cpu_startup_entry (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
95d5bc rest_init (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
1163ffa start_kernel ([kernel.vmlinux].init.text)
11634d7 x86_64_start_reservations ([kernel.vmlinux].init.text)
1163623 x86_64_start_kernel ([kernel.vmlinux].init.text)
qemu-system-x86 9178 [003] 58785.792417: perf_bpf_probe:func: (ffffffff816a0f60) hnum=0x1bb
8a0f61 __inet_lookup_established (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
896def ip_rcv_finish (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
8976c2 ip_rcv (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
855eba __netif_receive_skb_core (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
8565d8 __netif_receive_skb (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
856660 netif_receive_skb_internal (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
8566ec netif_receive_skb_sk (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
430a br_handle_frame_finish ([bridge])
48bc br_handle_frame ([bridge])
855f44 __netif_receive_skb_core (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
8565d8 __netif_receive_skb (/lib/modules/4.3.0+/build/vmlinux)
#
- Use 'perf probe' various options to list functions, see what
variables can be collected at any given point, experiment first
collecting without a filter, then filter, use it together with
'perf trace', 'perf top', with or without callchains, if it
explodes, please tell us!
- Introduce a new callchain mode: "folded", that will list per line
representations of all callchains for a give histogram entry,
facilitating 'perf report' output processing by other tools, such
as Brendan Gregg's flamegraph tools (Namhyung Kim)
E.g:
# perf report | grep -v ^# | head
18.37% 0.00% swapper [kernel.kallsyms] [k] cpu_startup_entry
|
---cpu_startup_entry
|
|--12.07%--start_secondary
|
--6.30%--rest_init
start_kernel
x86_64_start_reservations
x86_64_start_kernel
#
Becomes, in "folded" mode:
# perf report -g folded | grep -v ^# | head -5
18.37% 0.00% swapper [kernel.kallsyms] [k] cpu_startup_entry
12.07% cpu_startup_entry;start_secondary
6.30% cpu_startup_entry;rest_init;start_kernel;x86_64_start_reservations;x86_64_start_kernel
16.90% 0.00% swapper [kernel.kallsyms] [k] call_cpuidle
11.23% call_cpuidle;cpu_startup_entry;start_secondary
5.67% call_cpuidle;cpu_startup_entry;rest_init;start_kernel;x86_64_start_reservations;x86_64_start_kernel
16.90% 0.00% swapper [kernel.kallsyms] [k] cpuidle_enter
11.23% cpuidle_enter;call_cpuidle;cpu_startup_entry;start_secondary
5.67% cpuidle_enter;call_cpuidle;cpu_startup_entry;rest_init;start_kernel;x86_64_start_reservations;x86_64_start_kernel
15.12% 0.00% swapper [kernel.kallsyms] [k] cpuidle_enter_state
#
The user can also select one of "count", "period" or "percent" as
the first column.
... and lots of infrastructure enhancements, plus fixes and other
changes, features I failed to list - see the shortlog and the git log
for details"
* 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (271 commits)
perf evlist: Add --trace-fields option to show trace fields
perf record: Store data mmaps for dwarf unwind
perf libdw: Check for mmaps also in MAP__VARIABLE tree
perf unwind: Check for mmaps also in MAP__VARIABLE tree
perf unwind: Use find_map function in access_dso_mem
perf evlist: Remove perf_evlist__(enable|disable)_event functions
perf evlist: Make perf_evlist__open() open evsels with their cpus and threads (like perf record does)
perf report: Show random usage tip on the help line
perf hists: Export a couple of hist functions
perf diff: Use perf_hpp__register_sort_field interface
perf tools: Add overhead/overhead_children keys defaults via string
perf tools: Remove list entry from struct sort_entry
perf tools: Include all tools/lib directory for tags/cscope/TAGS targets
perf script: Align event name properly
perf tools: Add missing headers in perf's MANIFEST
perf tools: Do not show trace command if it's not compiled in
perf report: Change default to use event group view
perf top: Decay periods in callchains
tools lib: Move bitmap.[ch] from tools/perf/ to tools/{lib,include}/
tools lib: Sync tools/lib/find_bit.c with the kernel
...
This is a long standing bug with the l1-dcache-stores generic event on
AMD machines. My perf_event testsuite has been complaining about this
for years and I'm finally getting around to trying to get it fixed.
The data_cache_refills:system event does not make sense for l1-dcache-stores.
Maybe this was a typo and it was meant to be for l1-dcache-store-misses?
In any case, the values returned are nowhere near correct for l1-dcache-stores
and in fact the umask values for the event have completely changed with
fam15h so it makes even less sense than ever. So just remove it.
Signed-off-by: Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1512091134350.24311@vincent-weaver-1.umelst.maine.edu
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
