Merge tag 'fuse-update-4.18' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/fuse

Pull fuse updates from Miklos Szeredi:
 "The most interesting part of this update is user namespace support,
  mostly done by Eric Biederman. This enables safe unprivileged fuse
  mounts within a user namespace.

  There are also a couple of fixes for bugs found by syzbot and
  miscellaneous fixes and cleanups"

* tag 'fuse-update-4.18' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/fuse:
  fuse: don't keep dead fuse_conn at fuse_fill_super().
  fuse: fix control dir setup and teardown
  fuse: fix congested state leak on aborted connections
  fuse: Allow fully unprivileged mounts
  fuse: Ensure posix acls are translated outside of init_user_ns
  fuse: add writeback documentation
  fuse: honor AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC
  fuse: honor AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC
  fuse: Restrict allow_other to the superblock's namespace or a descendant
  fuse: Support fuse filesystems outside of init_user_ns
  fuse: Fail all requests with invalid uids or gids
  fuse: Remove the buggy retranslation of pids in fuse_dev_do_read
  fuse: return -ECONNABORTED on /dev/fuse read after abort
  fuse: atomic_o_trunc should truncate pagecache

Documentation/filesystems/fuse-io.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+Fuse supports the following I/O modes:
+
+- direct-io
+- cached
+  + write-through
+  + writeback-cache
+
+The direct-io mode can be selected with the FOPEN_DIRECT_IO flag in the
+FUSE_OPEN reply.
+
+In direct-io mode the page cache is completely bypassed for reads and writes.
+No read-ahead takes place. Shared mmap is disabled.
+
+In cached mode reads may be satisfied from the page cache, and data may be
+read-ahead by the kernel to fill the cache.  The cache is always kept consistent
+after any writes to the file.  All mmap modes are supported.
+
+The cached mode has two sub modes controlling how writes are handled.  The
+write-through mode is the default and is supported on all kernels.  The
+writeback-cache mode may be selected by the FUSE_WRITEBACK_CACHE flag in the
+FUSE_INIT reply.
+
+In write-through mode each write is immediately sent to userspace as one or more
+WRITE requests, as well as updating any cached pages (and caching previously
+uncached, but fully written pages).  No READ requests are ever sent for writes,
+so when an uncached page is partially written, the page is discarded.
+
+In writeback-cache mode (enabled by the FUSE_WRITEBACK_CACHE flag) writes go to
+the cache only, which means that the write(2) syscall can often complete very
+fast.  Dirty pages are written back implicitly (background writeback or page
+reclaim on memory pressure) or explicitly (invoked by close(2), fsync(2) and
+when the last ref to the file is being released on munmap(2)).  This mode
+assumes that all changes to the filesystem go through the FUSE kernel module
+(size and atime/ctime/mtime attributes are kept up-to-date by the kernel), so
+it's generally not suitable for network filesystems.  If a partial page is
+written, then the page needs to be first read from userspace.  This means, that
+even for files opened for O_WRONLY it is possible that READ requests will be
+generated by the kernel.