fs: add ksys_dup{,3}() helper; remove in-kernel calls to sys_dup{,3}()

Using ksys_dup() and ksys_dup3() as helper functions allows us to
avoid the in-kernel calls to the sys_dup() and sys_dup3() syscalls.
The ksys_ prefix denotes that these functions are meant as a drop-in
replacement for the syscalls. In particular, they use the same
calling convention as sys_dup{,3}().

In the near future, the fs-external callers of ksys_dup{,3}() should be
converted to call do_dup2() directly. Then, ksys_dup{,3}() can be moved
within sys_dup{,3}() again.

This patch is part of a series which removes in-kernel calls to syscalls.
On this basis, the syscall entry path can be streamlined. For details, see
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180325162527.GA17492@light.dominikbrodowski.net

Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

include/linux/syscalls.h

@@ -949,5 +949,6 @@ asmlinkage long sys_statx(int dfd, const char __user *path, unsigned flags,
 int ksys_mount(char __user *dev_name, char __user *dir_name, char __user *type,
 	       unsigned long flags, void __user *data);
 int ksys_umount(char __user *name, int flags);
+int ksys_dup(unsigned int fildes);
 
 #endif