MIPS: VDSO: Add implementations of gettimeofday() and clock_gettime()

Add user-mode implementations of gettimeofday() and clock_gettime() to
the VDSO. This is currently usable with 2 clocksources: the CP0 count
register, which is accessible to user-mode via RDHWR on R2 and later
cores, or the MIPS Global Interrupt Controller (GIC) timer, which
provides a "user-mode visible" section containing a mirror of its
counter registers. This section must be mapped into user memory, which
is done below the VDSO data page.

When a supported clocksource is not in use, the VDSO functions will
return -ENOSYS, which causes libc to fall back on the standard syscall
path.

When support for neither of these clocksources is compiled into the
kernel at all, the VDSO still provides clock_gettime(), as the coarse
realtime/monotonic clocks can still be implemented. However,
gettimeofday() is not provided in this case as nothing can be done
without a suitable clocksource. This causes the symbol lookup to fail
in libc and it will then always use the standard syscall path.

This patch includes a workaround for a bug in QEMU which results in
RDHWR on the CP0 count register always returning a constant (incorrect)
value. A fix for this has been submitted, and the workaround can be
removed after the fix has been in stable releases for a reasonable
amount of time.

A simple performance test which calls gettimeofday() 1000 times in a
loop and calculates the average execution time gives the following
results on a Malta + I6400 (running at 20MHz):

 - Syscall:    ~31000 ns
 - VDSO (GIC): ~15000 ns
 - VDSO (CP0): ~9500 ns

[markos.chandras@imgtec.com:
- Minor code re-arrangements in order for mappings to be made
in the order they appear to the process' address space.
- Move do_{monotonic, realtime} outside of the MIPS_CLOCK_VSYSCALL ifdef
- Use gic_get_usm_range so we can do the GIC mapping in the
arch/mips/kernel/vdso instead of the GIC irqchip driver]

Signed-off-by: Alex Smith <alex.smith@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Markos Chandras <markos.chandras@imgtec.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/11338/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>

arch/mips/kernel/csrc-r4k.c

@@ -28,6 +28,43 @@ static u64 notrace r4k_read_sched_clock(void)
 	return read_c0_count();
 }
 
+static inline unsigned int rdhwr_count(void)
+{
+	unsigned int count;
+
+	__asm__ __volatile__(
+	"	.set push\n"
+	"	.set mips32r2\n"
+	"	rdhwr	%0, $2\n"
+	"	.set pop\n"
+	: "=r" (count));
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+static bool rdhwr_count_usable(void)
+{
+	unsigned int prev, curr, i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Older QEMUs have a broken implementation of RDHWR for the CP0 count
+	 * which always returns a constant value. Try to identify this and don't
+	 * use it in the VDSO if it is broken. This workaround can be removed
+	 * once the fix has been in QEMU stable for a reasonable amount of time.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0, prev = rdhwr_count(); i < 100; i++) {
+		curr = rdhwr_count();
+
+		if (curr != prev)
+			return true;
+
+		prev = curr;
+	}
+
+	pr_warn("Not using R4K clocksource in VDSO due to broken RDHWR\n");
+	return false;
+}
+
 int __init init_r4k_clocksource(void)
 {
 	if (!cpu_has_counter || !mips_hpt_frequency)
@@ -36,6 +73,13 @@ int __init init_r4k_clocksource(void)
 	/* Calculate a somewhat reasonable rating value */
 	clocksource_mips.rating = 200 + mips_hpt_frequency / 10000000;
 
+	/*
+	 * R2 onwards makes the count accessible to user mode so it can be used
+	 * by the VDSO (HWREna is configured by configure_hwrena()).
+	 */
+	if (cpu_has_mips_r2_r6 && rdhwr_count_usable())
+		clocksource_mips.archdata.vdso_clock_mode = VDSO_CLOCK_R4K;
+
 	clocksource_register_hz(&clocksource_mips, mips_hpt_frequency);
 
 	sched_clock_register(r4k_read_sched_clock, 32, mips_hpt_frequency);

arch/mips/kernel/vdso.c

@@ -12,9 +12,12 @@
 #include <linux/elf.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/irqchip/mips-gic.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/timekeeper_internal.h>
 
 #include <asm/abi.h>
 #include <asm/vdso.h>
@@ -23,7 +26,7 @@
 static union mips_vdso_data vdso_data __page_aligned_data;
 
 /*
- * Mapping for the VDSO data pages. The real pages are mapped manually, as
+ * Mapping for the VDSO data/GIC pages. The real pages are mapped manually, as
  * what we map and where within the area they are mapped is determined at
  * runtime.
  */
@@ -64,25 +67,67 @@ static int __init init_vdso(void)
 }
 subsys_initcall(init_vdso);
 
+void update_vsyscall(struct timekeeper *tk)
+{
+	vdso_data_write_begin(&vdso_data);
+
+	vdso_data.xtime_sec = tk->xtime_sec;
+	vdso_data.xtime_nsec = tk->tkr_mono.xtime_nsec;
+	vdso_data.wall_to_mono_sec = tk->wall_to_monotonic.tv_sec;
+	vdso_data.wall_to_mono_nsec = tk->wall_to_monotonic.tv_nsec;
+	vdso_data.cs_shift = tk->tkr_mono.shift;
+
+	vdso_data.clock_mode = tk->tkr_mono.clock->archdata.vdso_clock_mode;
+	if (vdso_data.clock_mode != VDSO_CLOCK_NONE) {
+		vdso_data.cs_mult = tk->tkr_mono.mult;
+		vdso_data.cs_cycle_last = tk->tkr_mono.cycle_last;
+		vdso_data.cs_mask = tk->tkr_mono.mask;
+	}
+
+	vdso_data_write_end(&vdso_data);
+}
+
+void update_vsyscall_tz(void)
+{
+	if (vdso_data.clock_mode != VDSO_CLOCK_NONE) {
+		vdso_data.tz_minuteswest = sys_tz.tz_minuteswest;
+		vdso_data.tz_dsttime = sys_tz.tz_dsttime;
+	}
+}
+
 int arch_setup_additional_pages(struct linux_binprm *bprm, int uses_interp)
 {
 	struct mips_vdso_image *image = current->thread.abi->vdso;
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
-	unsigned long base, vdso_addr;
+	unsigned long gic_size, vvar_size, size, base, data_addr, vdso_addr;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	struct resource gic_res;
 	int ret;
 
 	down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
 
-	base = get_unmapped_area(NULL, 0, PAGE_SIZE + image->size, 0, 0);
+	/*
+	 * Determine total area size. This includes the VDSO data itself, the
+	 * data page, and the GIC user page if present. Always create a mapping
+	 * for the GIC user area if the GIC is present regardless of whether it
+	 * is the current clocksource, in case it comes into use later on. We
+	 * only map a page even though the total area is 64K, as we only need
+	 * the counter registers at the start.
+	 */
+	gic_size = gic_present ? PAGE_SIZE : 0;
+	vvar_size = gic_size + PAGE_SIZE;
+	size = vvar_size + image->size;
+
+	base = get_unmapped_area(NULL, 0, size, 0, 0);
 	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(base)) {
 		ret = base;
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	vdso_addr = base + PAGE_SIZE;
+	data_addr = base + gic_size;
+	vdso_addr = data_addr + PAGE_SIZE;
 
-	vma = _install_special_mapping(mm, base, PAGE_SIZE,
+	vma = _install_special_mapping(mm, base, vvar_size,
 				       VM_READ | VM_MAYREAD,
 				       &vdso_vvar_mapping);
 	if (IS_ERR(vma)) {
@@ -90,8 +135,22 @@ int arch_setup_additional_pages(struct linux_binprm *bprm, int uses_interp)
 		goto out;
 	}
 
+	/* Map GIC user page. */
+	if (gic_size) {
+		ret = gic_get_usm_range(&gic_res);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+
+		ret = io_remap_pfn_range(vma, base,
+					 gic_res.start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+					 gic_size,
+					 pgprot_noncached(PAGE_READONLY));
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
 	/* Map data page. */
-	ret = remap_pfn_range(vma, base,
+	ret = remap_pfn_range(vma, data_addr,
 			      virt_to_phys(&vdso_data) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
 			      PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_READONLY);
 	if (ret)