Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge more updates from Andrew Morton:

 - the rest of MM

 - KASAN updates

 - procfs updates

 - exit, fork updates

 - printk updates

 - lib/ updates

 - radix-tree testsuite updates

 - checkpatch updates

 - kprobes updates

 - a few other misc bits

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (162 commits)
  samples/kprobes: print out the symbol name for the hooks
  samples/kprobes: add a new module parameter
  kprobes: add the "tls" argument for j_do_fork
  init/main.c: simplify initcall_blacklisted()
  fs/efs/super.c: fix return value
  checkpatch: improve --git <commit-count> shortcut
  checkpatch: reduce number of `git log` calls with --git
  checkpatch: add support to check already applied git commits
  checkpatch: add --list-types to show message types to show or ignore
  checkpatch: advertise the --fix and --fix-inplace options more
  checkpatch: whine about ACCESS_ONCE
  checkpatch: add test for keywords not starting on tabstops
  checkpatch: improve CONSTANT_COMPARISON test for structure members
  checkpatch: add PREFER_IS_ENABLED test
  lib/GCD.c: use binary GCD algorithm instead of Euclidean
  radix-tree: free up the bottom bit of exceptional entries for reuse
  dax: move RADIX_DAX_ definitions to dax.c
  radix-tree: make radix_tree_descend() more useful
  radix-tree: introduce radix_tree_replace_clear_tags()
  radix-tree: tidy up __radix_tree_create()
  ...

kernel/exit.c

@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ void do_exit(long code)
 		disassociate_ctty(1);
 	exit_task_namespaces(tsk);
 	exit_task_work(tsk);
-	exit_thread();
+	exit_thread(tsk);
 
 	/*
 	 * Flush inherited counters to the parent - before the parent

kernel/fork.c

@@ -699,6 +699,26 @@ void __mmdrop(struct mm_struct *mm)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mmdrop);
 
+static inline void __mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON(atomic_read(&mm->mm_users));
+
+	uprobe_clear_state(mm);
+	exit_aio(mm);
+	ksm_exit(mm);
+	khugepaged_exit(mm); /* must run before exit_mmap */
+	exit_mmap(mm);
+	set_mm_exe_file(mm, NULL);
+	if (!list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
+		spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
+		list_del(&mm->mmlist);
+		spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
+	}
+	if (mm->binfmt)
+		module_put(mm->binfmt->module);
+	mmdrop(mm);
+}
+
 /*
  * Decrement the use count and release all resources for an mm.
  */
@@ -706,25 +726,25 @@ void mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	might_sleep();
 
-	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users)) {
-		uprobe_clear_state(mm);
-		exit_aio(mm);
-		ksm_exit(mm);
-		khugepaged_exit(mm); /* must run before exit_mmap */
-		exit_mmap(mm);
-		set_mm_exe_file(mm, NULL);
-		if (!list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
-			spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
-			list_del(&mm->mmlist);
-			spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
-		}
-		if (mm->binfmt)
-			module_put(mm->binfmt->module);
-		mmdrop(mm);
-	}
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users))
+		__mmput(mm);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmput);
 
+static void mmput_async_fn(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct mm_struct *mm = container_of(work, struct mm_struct, async_put_work);
+	__mmput(mm);
+}
+
+void mmput_async(struct mm_struct *mm)
+{
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users)) {
+		INIT_WORK(&mm->async_put_work, mmput_async_fn);
+		schedule_work(&mm->async_put_work);
+	}
+}
+
 /**
  * set_mm_exe_file - change a reference to the mm's executable file
  *
@@ -1470,7 +1490,7 @@ static struct task_struct *copy_process(unsigned long clone_flags,
 		pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children);
 		if (IS_ERR(pid)) {
 			retval = PTR_ERR(pid);
-			goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
+			goto bad_fork_cleanup_thread;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1632,6 +1652,8 @@ bad_fork_cancel_cgroup:
 bad_fork_free_pid:
 	if (pid != &init_struct_pid)
 		free_pid(pid);
+bad_fork_cleanup_thread:
+	exit_thread(p);
 bad_fork_cleanup_io:
 	if (p->io_context)
 		exit_io_context(p);

kernel/irq/irqdomain.c

@@ -139,12 +139,7 @@ void irq_domain_remove(struct irq_domain *domain)
 {
 	mutex_lock(&irq_domain_mutex);
 
-	/*
-	 * radix_tree_delete() takes care of destroying the root
-	 * node when all entries are removed. Shout if there are
-	 * any mappings left.
-	 */
-	WARN_ON(domain->revmap_tree.height);
+	WARN_ON(!radix_tree_empty(&domain->revmap_tree));
 
 	list_del(&domain->link);
 

kernel/kexec_core.c

@@ -893,6 +893,7 @@ void crash_kexec(struct pt_regs *regs)
 	old_cpu = atomic_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID, this_cpu);
 	if (old_cpu == PANIC_CPU_INVALID) {
 		/* This is the 1st CPU which comes here, so go ahead. */
+		printk_nmi_flush_on_panic();
 		__crash_kexec(regs);
 
 		/*

kernel/panic.c

@@ -160,8 +160,10 @@ void panic(const char *fmt, ...)
 	 *
 	 * Bypass the panic_cpu check and call __crash_kexec directly.
 	 */
-	if (!crash_kexec_post_notifiers)
+	if (!crash_kexec_post_notifiers) {
+		printk_nmi_flush_on_panic();
 		__crash_kexec(NULL);
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Note smp_send_stop is the usual smp shutdown function, which
@@ -176,6 +178,8 @@ void panic(const char *fmt, ...)
 	 */
 	atomic_notifier_call_chain(&panic_notifier_list, 0, buf);
 
+	/* Call flush even twice. It tries harder with a single online CPU */
+	printk_nmi_flush_on_panic();
 	kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_PANIC);
 
 	/*

kernel/printk/Makefile

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 obj-y	= printk.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI)		+= nmi.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE)	+= braille.o

kernel/printk/internal.h

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * internal.h - printk internal definitions
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+ * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <linux/percpu.h>
+
+typedef __printf(1, 0) int (*printk_func_t)(const char *fmt, va_list args);
+
+int __printf(1, 0) vprintk_default(const char *fmt, va_list args);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI
+
+extern raw_spinlock_t logbuf_lock;
+
+/*
+ * printk() could not take logbuf_lock in NMI context. Instead,
+ * it temporary stores the strings into a per-CPU buffer.
+ * The alternative implementation is chosen transparently
+ * via per-CPU variable.
+ */
+DECLARE_PER_CPU(printk_func_t, printk_func);
+static inline __printf(1, 0) int vprintk_func(const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	return this_cpu_read(printk_func)(fmt, args);
+}
+
+extern atomic_t nmi_message_lost;
+static inline int get_nmi_message_lost(void)
+{
+	return atomic_xchg(&nmi_message_lost, 0);
+}
+
+#else /* CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI */
+
+static inline __printf(1, 0) int vprintk_func(const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	return vprintk_default(fmt, args);
+}
+
+static inline int get_nmi_message_lost(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI */

kernel/printk/nmi.c

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+/*
+ * nmi.c - Safe printk in NMI context
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+ * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/preempt.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
+#include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/cpumask.h>
+#include <linux/irq_work.h>
+#include <linux/printk.h>
+
+#include "internal.h"
+
+/*
+ * printk() could not take logbuf_lock in NMI context. Instead,
+ * it uses an alternative implementation that temporary stores
+ * the strings into a per-CPU buffer. The content of the buffer
+ * is later flushed into the main ring buffer via IRQ work.
+ *
+ * The alternative implementation is chosen transparently
+ * via @printk_func per-CPU variable.
+ *
+ * The implementation allows to flush the strings also from another CPU.
+ * There are situations when we want to make sure that all buffers
+ * were handled or when IRQs are blocked.
+ */
+DEFINE_PER_CPU(printk_func_t, printk_func) = vprintk_default;
+static int printk_nmi_irq_ready;
+atomic_t nmi_message_lost;
+
+#define NMI_LOG_BUF_LEN ((1 << CONFIG_NMI_LOG_BUF_SHIFT) -		\
+			 sizeof(atomic_t) - sizeof(struct irq_work))
+
+struct nmi_seq_buf {
+	atomic_t		len;	/* length of written data */
+	struct irq_work		work;	/* IRQ work that flushes the buffer */
+	unsigned char		buffer[NMI_LOG_BUF_LEN];
+};
+static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct nmi_seq_buf, nmi_print_seq);
+
+/*
+ * Safe printk() for NMI context. It uses a per-CPU buffer to
+ * store the message. NMIs are not nested, so there is always only
+ * one writer running. But the buffer might get flushed from another
+ * CPU, so we need to be careful.
+ */
+static int vprintk_nmi(const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	struct nmi_seq_buf *s = this_cpu_ptr(&nmi_print_seq);
+	int add = 0;
+	size_t len;
+
+again:
+	len = atomic_read(&s->len);
+
+	if (len >= sizeof(s->buffer)) {
+		atomic_inc(&nmi_message_lost);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure that all old data have been read before the buffer was
+	 * reseted. This is not needed when we just append data.
+	 */
+	if (!len)
+		smp_rmb();
+
+	add = vsnprintf(s->buffer + len, sizeof(s->buffer) - len, fmt, args);
+
+	/*
+	 * Do it once again if the buffer has been flushed in the meantime.
+	 * Note that atomic_cmpxchg() is an implicit memory barrier that
+	 * makes sure that the data were written before updating s->len.
+	 */
+	if (atomic_cmpxchg(&s->len, len, len + add) != len)
+		goto again;
+
+	/* Get flushed in a more safe context. */
+	if (add && printk_nmi_irq_ready) {
+		/* Make sure that IRQ work is really initialized. */
+		smp_rmb();
+		irq_work_queue(&s->work);
+	}
+
+	return add;
+}
+
+/*
+ * printk one line from the temporary buffer from @start index until
+ * and including the @end index.
+ */
+static void print_nmi_seq_line(struct nmi_seq_buf *s, int start, int end)
+{
+	const char *buf = s->buffer + start;
+
+	/*
+	 * The buffers are flushed in NMI only on panic.  The messages must
+	 * go only into the ring buffer at this stage.  Consoles will get
+	 * explicitly called later when a crashdump is not generated.
+	 */
+	if (in_nmi())
+		printk_deferred("%.*s", (end - start) + 1, buf);
+	else
+		printk("%.*s", (end - start) + 1, buf);
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush data from the associated per_CPU buffer. The function
+ * can be called either via IRQ work or independently.
+ */
+static void __printk_nmi_flush(struct irq_work *work)
+{
+	static raw_spinlock_t read_lock =
+		__RAW_SPIN_LOCK_INITIALIZER(read_lock);
+	struct nmi_seq_buf *s = container_of(work, struct nmi_seq_buf, work);
+	unsigned long flags;
+	size_t len, size;
+	int i, last_i;
+
+	/*
+	 * The lock has two functions. First, one reader has to flush all
+	 * available message to make the lockless synchronization with
+	 * writers easier. Second, we do not want to mix messages from
+	 * different CPUs. This is especially important when printing
+	 * a backtrace.
+	 */
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&read_lock, flags);
+
+	i = 0;
+more:
+	len = atomic_read(&s->len);
+
+	/*
+	 * This is just a paranoid check that nobody has manipulated
+	 * the buffer an unexpected way. If we printed something then
+	 * @len must only increase.
+	 */
+	if (i && i >= len)
+		pr_err("printk_nmi_flush: internal error: i=%d >= len=%zu\n",
+		       i, len);
+
+	if (!len)
+		goto out; /* Someone else has already flushed the buffer. */
+
+	/* Make sure that data has been written up to the @len */
+	smp_rmb();
+
+	size = min(len, sizeof(s->buffer));
+	last_i = i;
+
+	/* Print line by line. */
+	for (; i < size; i++) {
+		if (s->buffer[i] == '\n') {
+			print_nmi_seq_line(s, last_i, i);
+			last_i = i + 1;
+		}
+	}
+	/* Check if there was a partial line. */
+	if (last_i < size) {
+		print_nmi_seq_line(s, last_i, size - 1);
+		pr_cont("\n");
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Check that nothing has got added in the meantime and truncate
+	 * the buffer. Note that atomic_cmpxchg() is an implicit memory
+	 * barrier that makes sure that the data were copied before
+	 * updating s->len.
+	 */
+	if (atomic_cmpxchg(&s->len, len, 0) != len)
+		goto more;
+
+out:
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&read_lock, flags);
+}
+
+/**
+ * printk_nmi_flush - flush all per-cpu nmi buffers.
+ *
+ * The buffers are flushed automatically via IRQ work. This function
+ * is useful only when someone wants to be sure that all buffers have
+ * been flushed at some point.
+ */
+void printk_nmi_flush(void)
+{
+	int cpu;
+
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
+		__printk_nmi_flush(&per_cpu(nmi_print_seq, cpu).work);
+}
+
+/**
+ * printk_nmi_flush_on_panic - flush all per-cpu nmi buffers when the system
+ *	goes down.
+ *
+ * Similar to printk_nmi_flush() but it can be called even in NMI context when
+ * the system goes down. It does the best effort to get NMI messages into
+ * the main ring buffer.
+ *
+ * Note that it could try harder when there is only one CPU online.
+ */
+void printk_nmi_flush_on_panic(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Make sure that we could access the main ring buffer.
+	 * Do not risk a double release when more CPUs are up.
+	 */
+	if (in_nmi() && raw_spin_is_locked(&logbuf_lock)) {
+		if (num_online_cpus() > 1)
+			return;
+
+		debug_locks_off();
+		raw_spin_lock_init(&logbuf_lock);
+	}
+
+	printk_nmi_flush();
+}
+
+void __init printk_nmi_init(void)
+{
+	int cpu;
+
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		struct nmi_seq_buf *s = &per_cpu(nmi_print_seq, cpu);
+
+		init_irq_work(&s->work, __printk_nmi_flush);
+	}
+
+	/* Make sure that IRQ works are initialized before enabling. */
+	smp_wmb();
+	printk_nmi_irq_ready = 1;
+
+	/* Flush pending messages that did not have scheduled IRQ works. */
+	printk_nmi_flush();
+}
+
+void printk_nmi_enter(void)
+{
+	this_cpu_write(printk_func, vprintk_nmi);
+}
+
+void printk_nmi_exit(void)
+{
+	this_cpu_write(printk_func, vprintk_default);
+}

kernel/printk/printk.c

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 
 #include "console_cmdline.h"
 #include "braille.h"
+#include "internal.h"
 
 int console_printk[4] = {
 	CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT,	/* console_loglevel */
@@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ __packed __aligned(4)
  * within the scheduler's rq lock. It must be released before calling
  * console_unlock() or anything else that might wake up a process.
  */
-static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(logbuf_lock);
+DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(logbuf_lock);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
 DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(log_wait);
@@ -1616,6 +1617,7 @@ asmlinkage int vprintk_emit(int facility, int level,
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int this_cpu;
 	int printed_len = 0;
+	int nmi_message_lost;
 	bool in_sched = false;
 	/* cpu currently holding logbuf_lock in this function */
 	static unsigned int logbuf_cpu = UINT_MAX;
@@ -1666,6 +1668,15 @@ asmlinkage int vprintk_emit(int facility, int level,
 					 strlen(recursion_msg));
 	}
 
+	nmi_message_lost = get_nmi_message_lost();
+	if (unlikely(nmi_message_lost)) {
+		text_len = scnprintf(textbuf, sizeof(textbuf),
+				     "BAD LUCK: lost %d message(s) from NMI context!",
+				     nmi_message_lost);
+		printed_len += log_store(0, 2, LOG_PREFIX|LOG_NEWLINE, 0,
+					 NULL, 0, textbuf, text_len);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * The printf needs to come first; we need the syslog
 	 * prefix which might be passed-in as a parameter.
@@ -1807,14 +1818,6 @@ int vprintk_default(const char *fmt, va_list args)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vprintk_default);
 
-/*
- * This allows printk to be diverted to another function per cpu.
- * This is useful for calling printk functions from within NMI
- * without worrying about race conditions that can lock up the
- * box.
- */
-DEFINE_PER_CPU(printk_func_t, printk_func) = vprintk_default;
-
 /**
  * printk - print a kernel message
  * @fmt: format string
@@ -1838,21 +1841,11 @@ DEFINE_PER_CPU(printk_func_t, printk_func) = vprintk_default;
  */
 asmlinkage __visible int printk(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	printk_func_t vprintk_func;
 	va_list args;
 	int r;
 
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-
-	/*
-	 * If a caller overrides the per_cpu printk_func, then it needs
-	 * to disable preemption when calling printk(). Otherwise
-	 * the printk_func should be set to the default. No need to
-	 * disable preemption here.
-	 */
-	vprintk_func = this_cpu_read(printk_func);
 	r = vprintk_func(fmt, args);
-
 	va_end(args);
 
 	return r;

kernel/sysctl_binary.c

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/uuid.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/compat.h>
 
@@ -1117,9 +1118,8 @@ static ssize_t bin_uuid(struct file *file,
 
 	/* Only supports reads */
 	if (oldval && oldlen) {
-		char buf[40], *str = buf;
-		unsigned char uuid[16];
-		int i;
+		char buf[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1];
+		uuid_be uuid;
 
 		result = kernel_read(file, 0, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
 		if (result < 0)
@@ -1127,24 +1127,15 @@ static ssize_t bin_uuid(struct file *file,
 
 		buf[result] = '\0';
 
-		/* Convert the uuid to from a string to binary */
-		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-			result = -EIO;
-			if (!isxdigit(str[0]) || !isxdigit(str[1]))
-				goto out;
-
-			uuid[i] = (hex_to_bin(str[0]) << 4) |
-					hex_to_bin(str[1]);
-			str += 2;
-			if (*str == '-')
-				str++;
-		}
+		result = -EIO;
+		if (uuid_be_to_bin(buf, &uuid))
+			goto out;
 
 		if (oldlen > 16)
 			oldlen = 16;
 
 		result = -EFAULT;
-		if (copy_to_user(oldval, uuid, oldlen))
+		if (copy_to_user(oldval, &uuid, oldlen))
 			goto out;
 
 		copied = oldlen;