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- // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
- /*
- * Ram backed block device driver.
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2007 Nick Piggin
- * Copyright (C) 2007 Novell Inc.
- *
- * Parts derived from drivers/block/rd.c, and drivers/block/loop.c, copyright
- * of their respective owners.
- */
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/initrd.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
- #include <linux/major.h>
- #include <linux/blkdev.h>
- #include <linux/bio.h>
- #include <linux/highmem.h>
- #include <linux/mutex.h>
- #include <linux/pagemap.h>
- #include <linux/radix-tree.h>
- #include <linux/fs.h>
- #include <linux/slab.h>
- #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
- #include <linux/debugfs.h>
- #include <linux/uaccess.h>
- /*
- * Each block ramdisk device has a radix_tree brd_pages of pages that stores
- * the pages containing the block device's contents. A brd page's ->index is
- * its offset in PAGE_SIZE units. This is similar to, but in no way connected
- * with, the kernel's pagecache or buffer cache (which sit above our block
- * device).
- */
- struct brd_device {
- int brd_number;
- struct gendisk *brd_disk;
- struct list_head brd_list;
- /*
- * Backing store of pages and lock to protect it. This is the contents
- * of the block device.
- */
- spinlock_t brd_lock;
- struct radix_tree_root brd_pages;
- u64 brd_nr_pages;
- };
- /*
- * Look up and return a brd's page for a given sector.
- */
- static struct page *brd_lookup_page(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector)
- {
- pgoff_t idx;
- struct page *page;
- /*
- * The page lifetime is protected by the fact that we have opened the
- * device node -- brd pages will never be deleted under us, so we
- * don't need any further locking or refcounting.
- *
- * This is strictly true for the radix-tree nodes as well (ie. we
- * don't actually need the rcu_read_lock()), however that is not a
- * documented feature of the radix-tree API so it is better to be
- * safe here (we don't have total exclusion from radix tree updates
- * here, only deletes).
- */
- rcu_read_lock();
- idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT; /* sector to page index */
- page = radix_tree_lookup(&brd->brd_pages, idx);
- rcu_read_unlock();
- BUG_ON(page && page->index != idx);
- return page;
- }
- /*
- * Insert a new page for a given sector, if one does not already exist.
- */
- static int brd_insert_page(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector, gfp_t gfp)
- {
- pgoff_t idx;
- struct page *page;
- int ret = 0;
- page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
- if (page)
- return 0;
- page = alloc_page(gfp | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_HIGHMEM);
- if (!page)
- return -ENOMEM;
- if (radix_tree_maybe_preload(gfp)) {
- __free_page(page);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- spin_lock(&brd->brd_lock);
- idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
- page->index = idx;
- if (radix_tree_insert(&brd->brd_pages, idx, page)) {
- __free_page(page);
- page = radix_tree_lookup(&brd->brd_pages, idx);
- if (!page)
- ret = -ENOMEM;
- else if (page->index != idx)
- ret = -EIO;
- } else {
- brd->brd_nr_pages++;
- }
- spin_unlock(&brd->brd_lock);
- radix_tree_preload_end();
- return ret;
- }
- /*
- * Free all backing store pages and radix tree. This must only be called when
- * there are no other users of the device.
- */
- #define FREE_BATCH 16
- static void brd_free_pages(struct brd_device *brd)
- {
- unsigned long pos = 0;
- struct page *pages[FREE_BATCH];
- int nr_pages;
- do {
- int i;
- nr_pages = radix_tree_gang_lookup(&brd->brd_pages,
- (void **)pages, pos, FREE_BATCH);
- for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
- void *ret;
- BUG_ON(pages[i]->index < pos);
- pos = pages[i]->index;
- ret = radix_tree_delete(&brd->brd_pages, pos);
- BUG_ON(!ret || ret != pages[i]);
- __free_page(pages[i]);
- }
- pos++;
- /*
- * It takes 3.4 seconds to remove 80GiB ramdisk.
- * So, we need cond_resched to avoid stalling the CPU.
- */
- cond_resched();
- /*
- * This assumes radix_tree_gang_lookup always returns as
- * many pages as possible. If the radix-tree code changes,
- * so will this have to.
- */
- } while (nr_pages == FREE_BATCH);
- }
- /*
- * copy_to_brd_setup must be called before copy_to_brd. It may sleep.
- */
- static int copy_to_brd_setup(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector, size_t n,
- gfp_t gfp)
- {
- unsigned int offset = (sector & (PAGE_SECTORS-1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
- size_t copy;
- int ret;
- copy = min_t(size_t, n, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
- ret = brd_insert_page(brd, sector, gfp);
- if (ret)
- return ret;
- if (copy < n) {
- sector += copy >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
- ret = brd_insert_page(brd, sector, gfp);
- }
- return ret;
- }
- /*
- * Copy n bytes from src to the brd starting at sector. Does not sleep.
- */
- static void copy_to_brd(struct brd_device *brd, const void *src,
- sector_t sector, size_t n)
- {
- struct page *page;
- void *dst;
- unsigned int offset = (sector & (PAGE_SECTORS-1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
- size_t copy;
- copy = min_t(size_t, n, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
- page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
- BUG_ON(!page);
- dst = kmap_atomic(page);
- memcpy(dst + offset, src, copy);
- kunmap_atomic(dst);
- if (copy < n) {
- src += copy;
- sector += copy >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
- copy = n - copy;
- page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
- BUG_ON(!page);
- dst = kmap_atomic(page);
- memcpy(dst, src, copy);
- kunmap_atomic(dst);
- }
- }
- /*
- * Copy n bytes to dst from the brd starting at sector. Does not sleep.
- */
- static void copy_from_brd(void *dst, struct brd_device *brd,
- sector_t sector, size_t n)
- {
- struct page *page;
- void *src;
- unsigned int offset = (sector & (PAGE_SECTORS-1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
- size_t copy;
- copy = min_t(size_t, n, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
- page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
- if (page) {
- src = kmap_atomic(page);
- memcpy(dst, src + offset, copy);
- kunmap_atomic(src);
- } else
- memset(dst, 0, copy);
- if (copy < n) {
- dst += copy;
- sector += copy >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
- copy = n - copy;
- page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
- if (page) {
- src = kmap_atomic(page);
- memcpy(dst, src, copy);
- kunmap_atomic(src);
- } else
- memset(dst, 0, copy);
- }
- }
- /*
- * Process a single bvec of a bio.
- */
- static int brd_do_bvec(struct brd_device *brd, struct page *page,
- unsigned int len, unsigned int off, blk_opf_t opf,
- sector_t sector)
- {
- void *mem;
- int err = 0;
- if (op_is_write(opf)) {
- /*
- * Must use NOIO because we don't want to recurse back into the
- * block or filesystem layers from page reclaim.
- */
- gfp_t gfp = opf & REQ_NOWAIT ? GFP_NOWAIT : GFP_NOIO;
- err = copy_to_brd_setup(brd, sector, len, gfp);
- if (err)
- goto out;
- }
- mem = kmap_atomic(page);
- if (!op_is_write(opf)) {
- copy_from_brd(mem + off, brd, sector, len);
- flush_dcache_page(page);
- } else {
- flush_dcache_page(page);
- copy_to_brd(brd, mem + off, sector, len);
- }
- kunmap_atomic(mem);
- out:
- return err;
- }
- static void brd_submit_bio(struct bio *bio)
- {
- struct brd_device *brd = bio->bi_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
- sector_t sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
- struct bio_vec bvec;
- struct bvec_iter iter;
- bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter) {
- unsigned int len = bvec.bv_len;
- int err;
- /* Don't support un-aligned buffer */
- WARN_ON_ONCE((bvec.bv_offset & (SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) ||
- (len & (SECTOR_SIZE - 1)));
- err = brd_do_bvec(brd, bvec.bv_page, len, bvec.bv_offset,
- bio->bi_opf, sector);
- if (err) {
- if (err == -ENOMEM && bio->bi_opf & REQ_NOWAIT) {
- bio_wouldblock_error(bio);
- return;
- }
- bio_io_error(bio);
- return;
- }
- sector += len >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
- }
- bio_endio(bio);
- }
- static int brd_rw_page(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t sector,
- struct page *page, enum req_op op)
- {
- struct brd_device *brd = bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
- int err;
- if (PageTransHuge(page))
- return -ENOTSUPP;
- err = brd_do_bvec(brd, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0, op, sector);
- page_endio(page, op_is_write(op), err);
- return err;
- }
- static const struct block_device_operations brd_fops = {
- .owner = THIS_MODULE,
- .submit_bio = brd_submit_bio,
- .rw_page = brd_rw_page,
- };
- /*
- * And now the modules code and kernel interface.
- */
- static int rd_nr = CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_COUNT;
- module_param(rd_nr, int, 0444);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(rd_nr, "Maximum number of brd devices");
- unsigned long rd_size = CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_SIZE;
- module_param(rd_size, ulong, 0444);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(rd_size, "Size of each RAM disk in kbytes.");
- static int max_part = 1;
- module_param(max_part, int, 0444);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(max_part, "Num Minors to reserve between devices");
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
- MODULE_ALIAS_BLOCKDEV_MAJOR(RAMDISK_MAJOR);
- MODULE_ALIAS("rd");
- #ifndef MODULE
- /* Legacy boot options - nonmodular */
- static int __init ramdisk_size(char *str)
- {
- rd_size = simple_strtol(str, NULL, 0);
- return 1;
- }
- __setup("ramdisk_size=", ramdisk_size);
- #endif
- /*
- * The device scheme is derived from loop.c. Keep them in synch where possible
- * (should share code eventually).
- */
- static LIST_HEAD(brd_devices);
- static struct dentry *brd_debugfs_dir;
- static int brd_alloc(int i)
- {
- struct brd_device *brd;
- struct gendisk *disk;
- char buf[DISK_NAME_LEN];
- int err = -ENOMEM;
- list_for_each_entry(brd, &brd_devices, brd_list)
- if (brd->brd_number == i)
- return -EEXIST;
- brd = kzalloc(sizeof(*brd), GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!brd)
- return -ENOMEM;
- brd->brd_number = i;
- list_add_tail(&brd->brd_list, &brd_devices);
- spin_lock_init(&brd->brd_lock);
- INIT_RADIX_TREE(&brd->brd_pages, GFP_ATOMIC);
- snprintf(buf, DISK_NAME_LEN, "ram%d", i);
- if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(brd_debugfs_dir))
- debugfs_create_u64(buf, 0444, brd_debugfs_dir,
- &brd->brd_nr_pages);
- disk = brd->brd_disk = blk_alloc_disk(NUMA_NO_NODE);
- if (!disk)
- goto out_free_dev;
- disk->major = RAMDISK_MAJOR;
- disk->first_minor = i * max_part;
- disk->minors = max_part;
- disk->fops = &brd_fops;
- disk->private_data = brd;
- strscpy(disk->disk_name, buf, DISK_NAME_LEN);
- set_capacity(disk, rd_size * 2);
-
- /*
- * This is so fdisk will align partitions on 4k, because of
- * direct_access API needing 4k alignment, returning a PFN
- * (This is only a problem on very small devices <= 4M,
- * otherwise fdisk will align on 1M. Regardless this call
- * is harmless)
- */
- blk_queue_physical_block_size(disk->queue, PAGE_SIZE);
- /* Tell the block layer that this is not a rotational device */
- blk_queue_flag_set(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, disk->queue);
- blk_queue_flag_clear(QUEUE_FLAG_ADD_RANDOM, disk->queue);
- blk_queue_flag_set(QUEUE_FLAG_NOWAIT, disk->queue);
- err = add_disk(disk);
- if (err)
- goto out_cleanup_disk;
- return 0;
- out_cleanup_disk:
- put_disk(disk);
- out_free_dev:
- list_del(&brd->brd_list);
- kfree(brd);
- return err;
- }
- static void brd_probe(dev_t dev)
- {
- brd_alloc(MINOR(dev) / max_part);
- }
- static void brd_cleanup(void)
- {
- struct brd_device *brd, *next;
- debugfs_remove_recursive(brd_debugfs_dir);
- list_for_each_entry_safe(brd, next, &brd_devices, brd_list) {
- del_gendisk(brd->brd_disk);
- put_disk(brd->brd_disk);
- brd_free_pages(brd);
- list_del(&brd->brd_list);
- kfree(brd);
- }
- }
- static inline void brd_check_and_reset_par(void)
- {
- if (unlikely(!max_part))
- max_part = 1;
- /*
- * make sure 'max_part' can be divided exactly by (1U << MINORBITS),
- * otherwise, it is possiable to get same dev_t when adding partitions.
- */
- if ((1U << MINORBITS) % max_part != 0)
- max_part = 1UL << fls(max_part);
- if (max_part > DISK_MAX_PARTS) {
- pr_info("brd: max_part can't be larger than %d, reset max_part = %d.\n",
- DISK_MAX_PARTS, DISK_MAX_PARTS);
- max_part = DISK_MAX_PARTS;
- }
- }
- static int __init brd_init(void)
- {
- int err, i;
- brd_check_and_reset_par();
- brd_debugfs_dir = debugfs_create_dir("ramdisk_pages", NULL);
- for (i = 0; i < rd_nr; i++) {
- err = brd_alloc(i);
- if (err)
- goto out_free;
- }
- /*
- * brd module now has a feature to instantiate underlying device
- * structure on-demand, provided that there is an access dev node.
- *
- * (1) if rd_nr is specified, create that many upfront. else
- * it defaults to CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_COUNT
- * (2) User can further extend brd devices by create dev node themselves
- * and have kernel automatically instantiate actual device
- * on-demand. Example:
- * mknod /path/devnod_name b 1 X # 1 is the rd major
- * fdisk -l /path/devnod_name
- * If (X / max_part) was not already created it will be created
- * dynamically.
- */
- if (__register_blkdev(RAMDISK_MAJOR, "ramdisk", brd_probe)) {
- err = -EIO;
- goto out_free;
- }
- pr_info("brd: module loaded\n");
- return 0;
- out_free:
- brd_cleanup();
- pr_info("brd: module NOT loaded !!!\n");
- return err;
- }
- static void __exit brd_exit(void)
- {
- unregister_blkdev(RAMDISK_MAJOR, "ramdisk");
- brd_cleanup();
- pr_info("brd: module unloaded\n");
- }
- module_init(brd_init);
- module_exit(brd_exit);
|